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PurposeTo address whether preoperative chemotherapy plus surgery or surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs disease-free survival compared with surgery alone among patients with resectable non-small-cell lung cancer.Patients and methodsIn this phase III trial, 624 patients with stage IA (tumor size > 2 cm), IB, II, or T3N1 were randomly assigned to surgery alone (212 patients), three cycles of preoperative paclitaxel-carboplatin followed by surgery (201 patients), or surgery followed by three cycles of adjuvant paclitaxel-carboplatin (211 patients). The primary end point was disease-free survival.ResultsIn the preoperative arm, 97% of patients started the planned chemotherapy, and radiologic response rate was 53.3%. In the adjuvant arm, 66.2% started the planned chemotherapy. Ninety-four percent of patients underwent surgery; surgical procedures and postoperative mortality were similar across the three arms. Patients in the preoperative arm had a nonsignificant trend toward longer disease-free survival than those assigned to surgery alone (5-year disease-free survival 38.3% v 34.1%; hazard ratio [HR] for progression or death, 0.92; P = .176). Five-year disease-free survival rates were 36.6% in the adjuvant arm versus 34.1% in the surgery arm (HR 0.96; P = .74).ConclusionIn early-stage patients, no statistically significant differences in disease-free survival were found with the addition of preoperative or adjuvant chemotherapy to surgery. In this trial, in which the treatment decision was made before surgery, more patients were able to receive preoperative than adjuvant treatment.

Original publication

DOI

10.1200/jco.2009.27.6204

Type

Journal article

Journal

Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology

Publication Date

07/2010

Volume

28

Pages

3138 - 3145

Addresses

Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain.

Keywords

Spanish Lung Cancer Group, Humans, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Lung Neoplasms, Anemia, Neutropenia, Fatigue, Paclitaxel, Carboplatin, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Neoplasm Staging, Treatment Outcome, Combined Modality Therapy, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Preoperative Care, Drug Administration Schedule, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Kaplan-Meier Estimate