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Endometriosis is an inflammatory condition affecting approximately 10% of the female-born population. Despite its prevalence, the lack of noninvasive biomarkers has contributed to an established global diagnostic delay. The intricate pathophysiology of this enigmatic disease may leave signatures in the blood, which, when detected, can be used as noninvasive biomarkers. This review provides an update on how investigators are utilizing the established disease pathways and innovative methodologies, including genome-wide association studies, next-generation sequencing, and machine learning, to unravel the clues left in the blood to develop blood biomarkers. Many blood biomarkers show promise in the discovery phase, but because of a lack of standardized and robust methodologies, they rarely progress to the development stages. However, we are now seeing biomarkers being validated with high diagnostic accuracy and improvements in standardization protocols, providing promise for the future of endometriosis blood biomarkers.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.018

Type

Journal article

Journal

Fertility and sterility

Publication Date

02/2024

Volume

121

Pages

145 - 163

Addresses

Oxford Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: tatjanagibbs@gmail.com.

Keywords

Humans, Endometriosis, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Delayed Diagnosis, Biomarkers, Machine Learning